a: An example of two homologous traits consist of cats having tails bones as well as chickens having tail bones. Although they both have tail bones, the physical appearance is very distinct. While the cats tailbone is long and extends into a long tail, the chickens tail bone is cut off and does not extend.
b:A cat uses their tail to balance in order to walk on tight spaces; while chickens use their tails as a physical perception. Their tails are used to show off and dance to attract mates.
c: Mammals are generally the main ancestors of the tail bone. This is including bats and whales
2.)
a: An example of a two species with analogous traits would be plants and their ability to store energy. For example the, sweet potatoes and regular potatoes.
b:Both sweet potatoes and regular potatoes store energy in the for of starch. Although they store energy in the same way they are completely different plants. They have distinct roots as well as stems.
c: The trifida is the most common ancestor. This is a giant rageweed in which is also in the sunflower family and the plant family. This plant way be known as a ragweed, giant ragweed, blood ragweed, etc. These traits are analogous because these two species produce starch and store it as energy in the same way. Homologous traits are the same physical traits but are used different way.
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ReplyDeleteYou kind of jump right into the discussion of the trait comparisons, but the opening section in both the homologous and analogous areas asked for a description of your species, not just identification of the species or the traits. This would help your reader understand the environment and behavior of the species to better understand why their traits evolved the way they did. Needed to be expanded.
Homology: The second section asks that you discuss not only the differences in function but also how this is reflected in differences in structure, and then to connect those to differences in the environments in which these traits evolved to understand how they originated. I see the brief discussion on function, but not the other connections.
I also don't understand what you mean by "physical perception"?
For ancestry, you only discuss mammals and you were asked to discuss the *common* ancestry of both organisms to confirm that these traits arose from the common ancestor. E.g., the tail function is common animals, in mammals, birds and reptiles. Cats are mammals, who arose from reptiles. Birds also arose from reptiles, so the common ancestor would have been an archaic reptile. We know from the fossil record that early reptiles possessed this primitive tail function and passed it onto these two extant species, with differences arising due to divergent evolution.
Analogy: Interesting comparison, but you needed to expand.
"They have distinct roots as well as stems."
Correct, but this is what needed to be explained further to demonstrate how we know these traits arose independently from each other. How do they differ?
Plants are very difficult to use for this assignment because they rarely fossilize, so you need to use genetic or phylogenetic information to confirm analogy.
"These traits are analogous because these two species produce starch and store it as energy in the same way."
That doesn't define analogy. That just means they could be shared genetic traits. You need to demonstrate that the traits arise from different genetic pathways to confirm analogy. So how do you do that?